Discovered By: Prehistoric
Discovery year: -4000

The following table showing some properties of Lead(Pb):

Table Example
Atomic number 82
Group 14
Period 6
Block p
Electrons 82
Protons 82
Neutrons 125
Atomic weight 207.2
Oxidation states +2, +4
Ionic charge Pb^2+, Pb^4+


Table Example
Electrons per shell K2 L8 M18 N32 O18 P4
Electron configuration 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^6 6s^2 4f^14 5d^10 6p^2
Atomic radius 154 pm
Covalent radius 146 pm
Van der Waals radius 202 pm
Boiling point 1749°C
Melting point 327.46°C
Phase Solid
Fusion heat 4.77 kJ.mol^-1
Vaporization heat 178 kJ.mol^-1


Table Example
Thermal expansion 2.89*10^-5 K^-1
Color Slate gray
Brinell hardness 38.3 MPa
Bulk modulus 46 GPa
Density 11340 kg.m^-3
Liquid density 10660 kg.m^-3
Mohs hardness 1.5
Poisson ratio 0.44
Shear modulus 5.6 GPa
Sound speed 1260 m.s^-1


Table Example
Young's modulus 16 GPa
Electrical type Conductor
Magnetic type Diamagnetic
Resistivity 2.1*10^-7 Ohm.m
Superconducting point 7.2 K
Electronegativity 2.33
Valence 4
Electron affinity 35.1 kJ.mol^-1
First ionization energy 715.6 kJ.mol^-1
Radioactive No
Neutron cross section 0.171