Discovered By: Prehistoric
Discovery year: 1400

The following table showing some properties of Bismuth(Bi):

Table Example
Atomic number 83
Group 15
Period 6
Block p
Electrons 83
Protons 83
Neutrons 126
Atomic weight 208.9804
Oxidation states +3, +5
Ionic charge Bi^3+, Bi^5+


Table Example
Electrons per shell K2 L8 M18 N32 O18 P5
Electron configuration 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^6 6s^2 4f^14 5d^10 6p^3
Atomic radius 148 pm
Covalent radius 148 pm
Boiling point 1564°C
Melting point 271.3°C
Phase Solid
Fusion heat 10.9 kJ.mol^-1
Vaporization heat 160 kJ.mol^-1
Thermal expansion 1.34*10^-5 K^-1


Table Example
Color Gray
Brinell hardness 94.2 MPa
Bulk modulus 31 GPa
Density 9780 kg.m^-3
Liquid density 10050 kg.m^-3
Mohs hardness 2.25
Poisson ratio 0.33
Shear modulus 12 GPa
Sound speed 1790 m.s^-1
Young's modulus 32 GPa


Table Example
Electrical type Conductor
Magnetic type Diamagnetic
Resistivity 1.3*10^-6 Ohm.m
Electronegativity 2.02
Valence 5
Electron affinity 91.2 kJ.mol^-1
First ionization energy 703 kJ.mol^-1
Radioactive Yes
Half life 6*10^26 s
Lifetime 8.7*10^26 s
Neutron cross section 0.034 barn
Decay mode Alpha emission (α-decay)