Discovered By: Baron Carl Auer von Welsbach
Discovery year: 1885

The following table showing some properties of Neodymium(Nd):

Table Example
Atomic number 60
Group n/a
Period 6
Block f
Electrons 60
Protons 60
Neutrons 84
Atomic weight 144.242
Oxidation states +3
Ionic charge Nd^3+


Table Example
Electrons per shell K2 L8 M18 N22 O8 P2
Electron configuration 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^10 5p^6 6s^2 4f^4
Atomic radius 206 pm
Covalent radius 201 pm
Boiling point 3100°C
Melting point 1021°C
Neel point 19.2
Phase Solid
Fusion heat 7.1 kJ.mol^-1
Thermal expansion 9.6*10^-6 K^-1


Table Example
Vaporization heat 285 kJ.mol^-1
Color Silver
Brinell hardness 265 MPa
Bulk modulus 32 GPa
Density 7010 kg.m^-3
Liquid density 6890 kg.m^-3
Mohs hardness 1.2
Poisson ratio 0.28
Shear modulus 16 GPa
Sound speed 2330 m.s^-1


Table Example
Vickers hardness 343 MPa
Young's modulus 41 GPa
Electrical type Conductor
Magnetic type Paramagnetic
Resistivity 6.4*10^-7 Ohm.m
Electronegativity 1.14
Valence 3
Electron affinity 50 kJ.mol^-1
First ionization energy 533.1 kJ.mol^-1
Radioactive No
Neutron cross section 49 barn