Discovered By: Prehistoric
Discovery year: -8000

The following table showing some properties of Copper(Cu):

Table Example
Atomic number 29
Group 11
Period 4
Block d
Electrons 29
Protons 29
Neutrons 35
Atomic weight 63.546
Oxidation states +1, +2
Ionic charge Cu^2+, Cu^+


Table Example
Electrons per shell K2 L8 M18 N1
Electrons configuration 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^1 3d^10
Atomic radius 145 pm
Covalent radius 132 pm
Van der Waals radius 140 pm
Boiling point 2562°C
Melting point 1048.62°C
Phase Solid
Fusion heat 13.1 kJ.mol^-1
Thermal expansion 1.65*10^-5 K^-1


Table Example
Vaporization heat 300 kJ.mol^-1
Color Copper
Brinell hardness 874 MPa
Bulk modulus 140 GPa
Density 8960 kg.m^-3
Liquid density 8020 kg.m^-3
Mohs hardness 3
Molar volume 7.092*10^-6 m^3.mol^-1
Poisson ratio 0.34
Shear modulus 48 GPa


Table Example
Sound speed 3570 m.s^-1
Thermal conductivity 400 W.m^-1.K^-1
Vickers hardness 369 MPa
Young's modulus 130 GPa
Electrical type Conductor
Magnetic type Diamagnetic
Electronegativity 1.9
Valence 2
Radioactive No
Neutron cross section 3.78 barn