Discovered By: Prehistoric.
Discovery year: 3750 BCE.

The following table showing some properties of Carbon:

Table Example
Symbol C
Atomic number 6
Atomic weight 12.011
Group 14
Period 2
Block p
Electrons 6
Protons 6
Neutrons 6
Oxidation states -4, +2, +4


Table Example
Electrons per shell K2 L4
Electron configuration 1s^2 2s^2 2p^2
Atomic radius 76 picometer
Van der Waals radius 170 picometer
Boiling point 4027°C
Melting point 3550°C
Phase Solid
Heat of fusion 117 kJ/mol (graphite)
Color Black
Bulk modulus 33 GPa


Table Example
Density (graphite) 2.267 g/cm^3
Density (diamond) 3.515 g/cm^3
Mohs hardness 0.5
Crystal structure (graphite) simple hexagonal (black)
Refractive index 2.417
Sound speed (graphite) 18,350 m/s
Thermal conductivity 119-165 W(m-K) (graphite)
Electrical type Conductor
Magnetic type Diamagnetic
Electronegativity 2.55


Table Example
Valence 4
Radioactive No
Neutron cross section 0.0035 barn
Young's modulus 1050 GPa (diamond)
Shear modulus 478 GPa (diamond)
Bulk modulus 442 GPa (diamond)
Poisson ratio 0.1 (diamond)