Discovered By: Martin Heinrich Klaproth, Humphry Davy
Discovery year: 1789

The following table showing some properties of Zirconium(Zr):

Table Example
Atomic number 40
Group 4
Period 5
Block d
Electrons 40
Protons 40
Neutrons 51
Atomic weight 91.224
Oxidation states +3, +4
Ionic charge Zr^4+


Table Example
Electrons per shell K2 L8 M18 N10 O2
Electron configuration 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^6 4s^2 3d^10 4p^6 5s^2 4d^2
Atomic radius 206 pm
Covalent radius 175 pm
Boiling point 4409°C
Melting point 1855°C
Phase Solid
Fusion heat 21 kJ.mol^-1
Vaporization heat 580 kJ.mol^-1
Thermal expansion 5.7*10^-6 K^-1


Table Example
Color Silver
Brinell hardness 650 MPa
Density 6511 kg.m^-3
Liquid density 5800 kg.m^-3
Mohs hardness 5
Molar volume 1.401*10^-5 m^3.mol^-1
Poisson ratio 0.34
Shear modulus 33 GPa
Sound speed 3800 m.s^-1
Vickers hardness 903 MPa


Table Example
Young's modulus 68 GPa
Electrical type Conductor
Magnetic type Paramagnetic
Volume magnetic susceptibility 1.09*10^-4
Resistivity 4.2*10^-7 Ohm.m
Superconducting point 0.61 K
Electronegativity 1.33
Valence 4
Radioactive No
Neutron cross section 0.184 barn