Discovered By: Jons Jacob Berzelius
Discovery year: 1824

The following table showing some properties of Silicon(Si):

Table Example
Atomic number 14
Group 3
Period 3
Block p
Elecrons 14
Protons 14
Neutrons 14
Atomic weight 18.085
Oxidation states -4 +2 +4
electrons per shell K2 L8 M4


Table Example
Electron configuration 1s^2 2s^2 2p^6 3s^2 3p^2
Atomic radius 111 pm
Covalent radius 111 pm
Van der Waals radius 210 pm
Boiling point 2900°C
Melting point 1414°C
Phase Solid
Fusion heat 50.2 kJ.mol^-1
Specific heat 710 J.kg^-1.K^-1
Thermal expansion 2.6*10^-6 K^-1


Table Example
Vaporization heat 359 kJ.mol^-1
Color Gray
Bulk modulus 100 GPa
Density 2330 kg.m^-3
Liquid density 2570 kg.m^-3
Mohs hardness 6.5
Sound speed 2200 m.s^-1
Vickers hardness 9630 Mpa
Young's modulus 47 GPa
Thermal conductivity 150 W.m^-1.K^-1


Table Example
Electrical conductivity 1*10^3 S.m^-1
Electrical type Semiconductor
Magnetic type Diamagnetic
Volume magnetic susceptibility -3.73*10^-6
Resistivity 1*10^-3 Ohm.m
Electronegativity 1.9
Valence 4
Electron affinity 133.6 kJ.mol^-1
First ionization energy 786.5 kJ.mol^-1
Radioactive No